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<?php
namespace Elementor\Modules\MarkdownRender;
use WP_HTML_Processor;
if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) {
exit;
}
class Html_To_Markdown {
const SAFE_URL_SCHEMES = [ 'http', 'https', 'mailto', 'tel', 'ftp', 'ftps' ];
const SAFE_DATA_PREFIXES = [ 'data:image/png', 'data:image/jpeg', 'data:image/jpg', 'data:image/gif', 'data:image/webp', 'data:image/svg+xml' ];
const ESCAPABLE_MARKDOWN_CHARS = [ '\\', '`', '*', '_', '[', ']' ];
const VOID_TAGS = [ 'br', 'hr', 'img', 'input', 'meta', 'link', 'area', 'base', 'col', 'embed', 'param', 'source', 'track', 'wbr' ];
private $output = '';
private $inline_buffer = '';
private $list_stack = [];
private $blockquote_depth = 0;
private $in_pre = false;
private $pre_buffer = '';
private $pre_language = '';
private $in_code = false;
private $in_link = false;
private $link_href = '';
private $link_buffer = '';
private $in_table = false;
private $table_headers = [];
private $table_rows = [];
private $current_row = [];
private $current_cell = '';
private $in_table_head = false;
private $row_is_header = false;
private $heading_level = 0;
public static function convert( string $html ): string {
if ( '' === $html ) {
return '';
}
$instance = new self();
return $instance->run( $html );
}
private function run( string $html ): string {
$html = $this->normalize_html( $html );
$processor = WP_HTML_Processor::create_full_parser( $html );
if ( null === $processor ) {
return $this->fallback( $html );
}
try {
$this->walk( $processor );
} catch ( \Exception $e ) {
return $this->fallback( $html );
}
$this->flush_inline();
$output = $this->output;
$output = preg_replace( "/[ \t]+\n/", "\n", $output );
$output = preg_replace( "/\n{3,}/", "\n\n", $output );
return trim( $output );
}
private function fallback( string $html ): string {
$text = wp_strip_all_tags( $html );
$text = html_entity_decode( $text, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8' );
return trim( preg_replace( "/\n{3,}/", "\n\n", $text ) );
}
private function normalize_html( string $html ): string {
$html = preg_replace( '/\r\n?/', "\n", $html );
$html = preg_replace( '#<script\b[^>]*>.*?</script>#is', '', $html );
$html = preg_replace( '#<style\b[^>]*>.*?</style>#is', '', $html );
$html = str_replace( "\xE2\x80\x8B", '', $html );
return $html;
}
private function walk( WP_HTML_Processor $p ): void {
while ( $p->next_token() ) {
$type = $p->get_token_type();
if ( '#text' === $type ) {
$this->handle_text( $p->get_modifiable_text() );
continue;
}
if ( '#tag' !== $type ) {
continue;
}
$tag = strtolower( (string) $p->get_tag() );
$is_closer = $p->is_tag_closer();
$is_void = in_array( $tag, self::VOID_TAGS, true );
if ( $is_closer ) {
$this->handle_close( $tag );
continue;
}
$this->handle_open( $tag, $p );
if ( $is_void ) {
$this->handle_close( $tag );
}
}
}
private function handle_text( string $text ): void {
if ( '' === $text ) {
return;
}
if ( $this->in_pre ) {
$this->pre_buffer .= $text;
return;
}
if ( $this->in_table ) {
$this->current_cell .= $this->escape_text( $text, false );
return;
}
$collapsed = preg_replace( '/[ \t\n]+/', ' ', $text );
$escaped = $this->escape_text( $collapsed, $this->in_code );
if ( $this->in_link ) {
$this->link_buffer .= $escaped;
return;
}
$this->inline_buffer .= $escaped;
}
private function handle_open( string $tag, WP_HTML_Processor $p ): void {
switch ( $tag ) {
case 'p':
case 'div':
case 'section':
case 'article':
case 'header':
case 'footer':
case 'main':
case 'aside':
case 'figure':
$this->flush_inline();
return;
case 'h1':
case 'h2':
case 'h3':
case 'h4':
case 'h5':
case 'h6':
$this->flush_inline();
$this->heading_level = (int) $tag[1];
$this->inline_buffer = str_repeat( '#', $this->heading_level ) . ' ';
return;
case 'br':
if ( $this->in_table ) {
$this->current_cell .= ' ';
return;
}
if ( $this->heading_level > 0 ) {
$this->inline_buffer .= ' ';
return;
}
$this->inline_buffer .= "\n";
return;
case 'hr':
$this->flush_inline();
$this->output .= "\n\n---\n\n";
return;
case 'strong':
case 'b':
$this->append_inline( '**' );
return;
case 'em':
case 'i':
$this->append_inline( '*' );
return;
case 'del':
case 's':
case 'strike':
$this->append_inline( '~~' );
return;
case 'code':
if ( $this->in_pre ) {
$lang = (string) $p->get_attribute( 'class' );
if ( preg_match( '/language-([A-Za-z0-9_+\-]+)/', $lang, $m ) ) {
$this->pre_language = $m[1];
}
return;
}
$this->in_code = true;
$this->append_inline( '`CODE_OPEN`' );
return;
case 'pre':
$this->flush_inline();
$this->in_pre = true;
$this->pre_buffer = '';
$this->pre_language = '';
return;
case 'a':
$href = (string) $p->get_attribute( 'href' );
$this->in_link = true;
$this->link_href = $href;
$this->link_buffer = '';
return;
case 'img':
$this->emit_image( $p );
return;
case 'ul':
case 'ol':
if ( ! empty( $this->list_stack ) && '' !== trim( $this->inline_buffer ) ) {
$this->emit_list_item();
} else {
$this->flush_inline();
}
$this->list_stack[] = [
'type' => $tag,
'index' => 1,
];
return;
case 'li':
$this->flush_inline();
return;
case 'blockquote':
$this->flush_inline();
$this->blockquote_depth++;
return;
case 'table':
$this->flush_inline();
$this->in_table = true;
$this->table_headers = [];
$this->table_rows = [];
return;
case 'thead':
$this->in_table_head = true;
return;
case 'tr':
if ( ! $this->in_table ) {
return;
}
$this->current_row = [];
$this->row_is_header = $this->in_table_head;
return;
case 'th':
$this->row_is_header = true;
$this->current_cell = '';
return;
case 'td':
$this->current_cell = '';
return;
}
}
private function handle_close( string $tag ): void {
switch ( $tag ) {
case 'p':
case 'div':
case 'section':
case 'article':
case 'header':
case 'footer':
case 'main':
case 'aside':
case 'figure':
$this->flush_inline();
return;
case 'h1':
case 'h2':
case 'h3':
case 'h4':
case 'h5':
case 'h6':
$this->inline_buffer = preg_replace( '/[ \t]+/', ' ', $this->inline_buffer );
$this->flush_inline();
$this->heading_level = 0;
return;
case 'strong':
case 'b':
$this->append_inline( '**' );
return;
case 'em':
case 'i':
$this->append_inline( '*' );
return;
case 'del':
case 's':
case 'strike':
$this->append_inline( '~~' );
return;
case 'code':
if ( $this->in_pre ) {
return;
}
$this->append_inline( '`CODE_CLOSE`' );
$this->in_code = false;
return;
case 'pre':
$this->emit_pre();
$this->in_pre = false;
$this->pre_buffer = '';
$this->pre_language = '';
return;
case 'a':
$this->emit_link();
$this->in_link = false;
$this->link_href = '';
$this->link_buffer = '';
return;
case 'ul':
case 'ol':
$this->flush_inline();
array_pop( $this->list_stack );
if ( empty( $this->list_stack ) ) {
$this->output .= "\n\n";
}
return;
case 'li':
$this->emit_list_item();
return;
case 'blockquote':
$this->flush_inline();
$this->blockquote_depth = max( 0, $this->blockquote_depth - 1 );
if ( 0 === $this->blockquote_depth ) {
$this->output .= "\n";
}
return;
case 'table':
$this->emit_table();
$this->in_table = false;
$this->table_headers = [];
$this->table_rows = [];
return;
case 'thead':
$this->in_table_head = false;
return;
case 'tr':
if ( ! $this->in_table ) {
return;
}
if ( $this->row_is_header && empty( $this->table_headers ) ) {
$this->table_headers = $this->current_row;
} else {
$this->table_rows[] = $this->current_row;
}
$this->current_row = [];
$this->row_is_header = false;
return;
case 'th':
case 'td':
$this->current_row[] = trim( preg_replace( '/\s+/', ' ', $this->current_cell ) );
$this->current_cell = '';
return;
}
}
private function append_inline( string $marker ): void {
if ( $this->in_link ) {
$this->link_buffer .= $marker;
return;
}
$this->inline_buffer .= $marker;
}
private function emit_link(): void {
$text = $this->link_buffer;
$href = $this->link_href;
if ( '' === $href || '#' === $href ) {
$this->inline_buffer .= $text;
return;
}
if ( ! $this->is_safe_url( $href ) ) {
$this->inline_buffer .= $text;
return;
}
$href = $this->escape_url_for_markdown( $href );
$this->inline_buffer .= '[' . $text . '](' . $href . ')';
}
private function emit_image( WP_HTML_Processor $p ): void {
$src = (string) $p->get_attribute( 'src' );
$alt = (string) $p->get_attribute( 'alt' );
if ( '' === $src ) {
return;
}
if ( ! $this->is_safe_url( $src ) ) {
return;
}
$alt = $this->escape_text( $alt, false );
$src = $this->escape_url_for_markdown( $src );
$this->inline_buffer .= '';
}
private function emit_pre(): void {
$content = html_entity_decode( $this->pre_buffer, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8' );
$content = rtrim( $content, "\n" );
$this->output .= "\n\n```" . $this->pre_language . "\n" . $content . "\n```\n\n";
}
private function emit_list_item(): void {
$content = trim( $this->inline_buffer );
$this->inline_buffer = '';
if ( '' === $content ) {
return;
}
$top = end( $this->list_stack );
if ( false === $top ) {
$this->output .= $content . "\n";
return;
}
$depth = count( $this->list_stack ) - 1;
$indent = str_repeat( ' ', $depth );
if ( 'ol' === $top['type'] ) {
$marker = $top['index'] . '. ';
$this->list_stack[ array_key_last( $this->list_stack ) ]['index']++;
} else {
$marker = '- ';
}
$lines = explode( "\n", $content );
$first = array_shift( $lines );
$rendered = $indent . $marker . $first;
foreach ( $lines as $line ) {
$rendered .= "\n" . $indent . ' ' . $line;
}
$this->output .= $this->prefix_blockquote( $rendered ) . "\n";
}
private function emit_table(): void {
if ( empty( $this->table_headers ) && empty( $this->table_rows ) ) {
return;
}
if ( empty( $this->table_headers ) && ! empty( $this->table_rows ) ) {
$this->table_headers = array_fill( 0, count( $this->table_rows[0] ), '' );
}
$column_count = count( $this->table_headers );
$lines = [];
$lines[] = '| ' . implode( ' | ', array_map( [ $this, 'escape_table_cell' ], $this->table_headers ) ) . ' |';
$lines[] = '|' . str_repeat( ' --- |', $column_count );
foreach ( $this->table_rows as $row ) {
$row = array_pad( $row, $column_count, '' );
$row = array_slice( $row, 0, $column_count );
$lines[] = '| ' . implode( ' | ', array_map( [ $this, 'escape_table_cell' ], $row ) ) . ' |';
}
$this->output .= "\n\n" . implode( "\n", $lines ) . "\n\n";
}
private function escape_table_cell( string $value ): string {
return str_replace( [ '|', "\n" ], [ '\\|', ' ' ], $value );
}
private function flush_inline(): void {
if ( '' === $this->inline_buffer ) {
return;
}
$content = $this->finalize_inline( $this->inline_buffer );
$this->inline_buffer = '';
$content = trim( $content );
if ( '' === $content ) {
return;
}
if ( ! empty( $this->list_stack ) ) {
$this->inline_buffer = $content;
return;
}
$content = $this->prefix_blockquote( $content );
$this->output .= "\n\n" . $content . "\n\n";
}
private function finalize_inline( string $buffer ): string {
return preg_replace_callback(
'/`CODE_OPEN`(.*?)`CODE_CLOSE`/s',
function ( $matches ) {
return $this->render_inline_code( $matches[1] );
},
$buffer
);
}
private function render_inline_code( string $content ): string {
$content = preg_replace( '/\s+/', ' ', $content );
preg_match_all( '/`+/', $content, $runs );
$max = 0;
foreach ( $runs[0] as $run ) {
$max = max( $max, strlen( $run ) );
}
$fence = str_repeat( '`', $max + 1 );
$pad = ( '' !== $content && ( '`' === $content[0] || '`' === substr( $content, -1 ) ) ) ? ' ' : '';
return $fence . $pad . $content . $pad . $fence;
}
private function prefix_blockquote( string $content ): string {
if ( 0 === $this->blockquote_depth ) {
return $content;
}
$prefix = str_repeat( '> ', $this->blockquote_depth );
$lines = explode( "\n", $content );
return implode( "\n", array_map(
function ( $line ) use ( $prefix ) {
return $prefix . $line;
},
$lines
) );
}
private function escape_text( string $text, bool $in_code ): string {
$text = html_entity_decode( $text, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8' );
if ( $in_code ) {
return $text;
}
$replacements = [];
foreach ( self::ESCAPABLE_MARKDOWN_CHARS as $char ) {
$replacements[ $char ] = '\\' . $char;
}
return strtr( $text, $replacements );
}
private function escape_url_for_markdown( string $url ): string {
return strtr( $url, [
' ' => '%20',
'(' => '%28',
')' => '%29',
'<' => '%3C',
'>' => '%3E',
] );
}
private function is_safe_url( string $url ): bool {
$url = trim( $url );
if ( '' === $url ) {
return false;
}
if ( '#' === $url[0] || '/' === $url[0] || '?' === $url[0] ) {
return true;
}
$lower = strtolower( $url );
foreach ( self::SAFE_DATA_PREFIXES as $prefix ) {
if ( 0 === strpos( $lower, $prefix ) ) {
return true;
}
}
if ( ! preg_match( '#^([a-z][a-z0-9+.\-]*):#i', $url, $m ) ) {
return true;
}
return in_array( strtolower( $m[1] ), self::SAFE_URL_SCHEMES, true );
}
}